Samuel Jessurun de Mesquita (1868-1944) was a Dutch graphic artist primarily known for his wood engravings. He was born in Amsterdam and raised in a tightly knit Sephardic Jewish community—though he himself was not religiously observant. Receiving his teaching certificate in 1889, de Mesquita taught decorative arts at the School of Architecture and Decorative Arts in Haarlem, where he instructed the widely renowned M.C. Escher. During WWII, de Mesquita was captured by Nazi forces and killed at Auschwitz.